Urology is a specialist medical and surgical branch that deals with the pathology of the male and female urinary system and the external male genital organs. Urological diseases principally include cancers of the male urinary and reproductive system, including prostate cancer, which is the most common cancer in men, micturition disorders and urinary tract stones, which are among the leading causes of recourse to A&E departments.
Andrology is the branch of medicine that focuses on male health, particularly concerning dysfunctions in the reproductive and urogenital system. It is the counterpart of gynaecology, the branch of medicine that deals with female reproductive dysfunctions.